US team creates first ‘synthetic life’

By Agence France-Presse
Thursday, May 20, 2010 14:30 EST
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US researchers have developed the first bacteria cell controlled by a synthetic genome, in a breakthrough which may pose philosophical and scientific questions about the bid to recreate life.

“This is the first synthetic cell that’s been made,” said lead researcher Craig Venter, as the discovery was unveiled.

“We call it synthetic because the cell is totally derived from a synthetic chromosome, made with four bottles of chemicals on a chemical synthesizer, starting with information in a computer.”

The team said it now hopes to use the method it has developed “to probe the basic machinery of life and to engineer bacteria specially designed to solve environmental or energy problems.”

The method could be used to design bacteria specifically to help produce biofuels or to clean up environmental hazards, said the study carried out by the J. Craig Venter Institute, and published in the journal Science.

“This becomes a very powerful tool for trying to design what we want biology to do. We have a wide range of applications (in mind),” said Venter, co-author of the first sequencing of the human genome in 2000.

The researchers synthesized the 1.08 million base pair genome of the bacterium Mycoplasma mycoides, created from four bottles of chemicals which make up the components of DNA.

They also added DNA sequences to “watermark” the genome to distinguish it from a natural one, in a bid to overcome any controversy about the possibility of creating life from scratch in a test-tube through a chemical process.

They had also imprinted the names of 46 scientists, who worked on the project, on the genome along with its own website address — so that anyone who decodes the genome can send an email to the team.

“We do start with a living cell which we transform,” Venter told a later press conference, adding the cell had now gone through a “million steps of replication” and was now frozen in a freezer.

“This is an important step we think, both scientifically and philosophically. It’s certainly changed my views of the definitions of life and how life works,” he added in a statement.

Throughout the research, the team had engaged in discussions about the ethical implications of their work, he said.

Venter’s team announced in 2008 that it had chemically synthesized a bacterial genome, but it was unable to activate that genome in the cell at that time.

Now the team had managed to “boot up” the synthetic genome to create the first cell controlled by a synthentic genome.

Potential applications include producing algae to clean up carbon dioxide, one of the main greenhouse gases blamed for global warming, or making new clean energy hydrocarbons for refineries.

Researchers also hope to work on techniques to speed up the production of vaccines and to make new food ingredients and chemical substances.

“The ability to routinely write the software of life will usher in a new era in science, and with it, new products and applications such as advanced biofuels, clean water technology, and new vaccines and medicines,” the institute said on its website.

“Continued and intensive review and dialogue with all areas of society, from Congress to bioethicists to laypeople, is necessary for this field to prosper.”

Agence France-Presse
Agence France-Presse
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  • http://www.facebook.com/people/Tony-Pink/1213577118 Tony Pink

    Last time I checked, it takes more than GATC to make DNA. I call bullshit.

  • javaman8263

    This won't end well.

  • thebl00dhound

    Or, more than likely they are leaving out the other steps to keep it proprietary, OR its already been classified by the gubermint. If they aren't funded by the military they probably will be soon.

    Can you say made-to-order bio-weapons.

  • Savantster

    If they started with “living material”, then they did not create life. They must start with 100% non-living material to “create life”; all they've done is “significantly modified life as we know it”.. a feat, to be sure, but not the same thing as “creating life”.

  • transmogrifier

    I'm just trying to figure out how they coded their names and URL into a genome.

  • trippin

    Quick! Someone alert the pro-lifers! Something new to protest: the killing of synthetic life!

    Naw, I'm sure their position will be that only their daddy in the sky should be fooling around with the chemistry set, consistent with their anti-science, anti-intellectual, mojo-bag-fondling medieval superstitions.

  • Adam503

    I've already done that.

    Look in my fridge. I've got a new form of synthetic life growing on the leftover pizza from a couple of weeks ago

  • kwertie

    Maybe some day they can replace conservatives with a real life form.

  • avatar

    I thought Second Life created synthetic life a while back.

  • Robert S Finnegan

    You can bet the Pentagon mad scientists have had their paws on this for some time now. Next comes the splice with real human cells (if they have not done it already) for military use, i.e. combat robots. This “news story” is nothing more than a desensitization for the public to soften them up for the day when this shit is turned loose. They have never had a weapons system they didn't use to some degree, some ending in spectacular failure (H5N1/H1N1). Looks like Mother Nature helped us out there but I can't see that happening again.

    Also, what kind of illnesses and viruses can this new “life form” be packing around? There's your next REAL pandemic.

    Robert S. Finnegan
    UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS
    rsfinnegan@gmail.com
    Jakarta, Indonesia

  • My3Cats

    The Borg!

  • dave

    What a bunch of arrogant shitheads.
    Please cut their funding – immediately.

  • Satan

    Great news, now if the scientists could just outpace the morons with regards to breeding, humanity just might have some chance. I doubt it though, morons breed like rabbits and they use the technology created with science as a crutch to help them along their overbreeding way. Scientists think they're being smart by not breeding like rabbits, they're probably right but evolution doesn't care about who's right, just who's the most prolific.

  • Boo-Boo

    Uh Oh! The ranger isn't gonna like this Yogi.

  • Paul_McClure

    It's likely that the new life will be less robust than evolution life. Current life has withstood the test of time. Guessing our new god's have copied liberally, science is like that. I hope they can do many wonderful things. I also hope they can create other life to predate on the new life to keep natures checks and balances. Life will pose new challenges as you can't just patch/update existing work as with software.

    As for the cons who fear their own shadows. Another thing to condemn. Hope the other techs, electricity, transportation, and communications is working out for you.

  • john r

    Yeah, but many of the real ones haven’t worked out too well either. Like Homo sapiens, for example.

  • Dan

    “They had also imprinted the names of 46 scientists, who worked on the project, on the genome along with its own website address….” Hope these “vanity sequences” don't biologically “spell” out instructions for “disaster”.

  • http://www.horsesavers.us Frank Mancuso

    Old news, we have already been altered by polluting corporations dumping PCB's. All our children new have 3 parents, a mother, father, and a corporation that has forever altered the DNA of mankind and every other living thing by their deliberate dumping of PCB's and dioxins better known as Agent Orange.

  • starvapor

    Gimme a break!….
    First a real oil spill, now synthetic life?

  • Satan

    Hey, if you can't comprehend it, talk about something totally unrelated, lol.

  • dennycrane

    Shortly, they will be fighting wars for us or “inhaling” oil leaks or stealing from us.

  • Jack

    dave wrote: “What a bunch of arrogant shitheads.
    Please cut their funding – immediately.”

    Why are they arrogant shitheads, and why would you want to cut their funding?

  • carol h.

    Fascinating. Now just keep it from the military and the CIA. But by the time they can use it for cyborgs, we will all be dead and not know anything about it.

    Let's hope they have a panel of not just scientists but normal everyday human beings and ethicist's and geneticists to monitor. Keep religion out of it. They are still looking for a way to keep science at it's most primitive level.

    And whatever benefits come from research into this and stem cell, let each of them sign a statement that they will not use such wicked science to save the lives of their loved ones or themselves. I would settle for that.

  • tzarathustra

    Heh heh. Too true.

  • Lavocat

    Just add Charlton Heston and Doctor Zaius and we've got “Return to Planet of The Apes: We Are Totally Fucked Now”.

  • HalfFull

    Nothing can possibly go wrong.

  • HalfFull

    Nothing can possibly go wrong.

  • EnderW

    watch darpa to start with the solicitations…

  • http://twitter.com/shivabeach Shiva

    ah the next 50 years are going to be kinda neat

  • The Truth

    Where's your God now, blind religious zealots?

  • Dick Tucker

    Anybody else sick of seeing the ad that's been all over RawStory lately with a picture of that knucklehead Sarah Palin and a link to sign a petition to tell her to “start telling the truth”? Isn't that like me circulating a petition to ask my dog to stop licking his balls? Could we get that off there?- the sight of her actually makes me a little nauseous.

  • EnderW

    nah, that was a way for people with no life to have even less of a life.

  • EnderW

    why?

    raw sewage has it's merits…

  • Lyman

    So if they make a human…..will he / she have a soul ????
    I guess make the haploid cells first, then mix them up and implant them
    into a volunteer. No mud pies or messy rib bones to mess with like in the old days
    in Eden. But God was in a hurry, he only had one day to do it and was looking
    forward to the weekend.

  • EnderW

    do the math. convert to ascii. four chemicals arranged into pairs.

  • EnderW

    ummm… self-replicating…

  • EnderW

    manufactured synthetic proteins have been around for a while.

    they published this where? nature?

    that's the beauty of peer-review. prove they can't, then publish. just remember, if you use bullshit to try to make them look like they didn't, and they really did, you not only discredit yourself forever, you discredit most other detractors at the same time.

    this is why the global warming deniers don't like peer-review, they don't want to destroy their own careers forever by publishing someplace reputable.

  • EnderW

    no doubt darpa will be announcing the solicitations soon. they'd be fools not to.

    and as far as the products of those solicitations… imagine war fought with tailored diseases… diseases meant for one person, or a family…

    republicans would go for it, as maybe they can target entire races for extermination. a republican wet dream.

  • nedclark

    Because, unfortunately, we humans have a way of blundering into REALLY nasty unknown territory with such `innocent developments';. one biggie is GMO food-crops that shed poisonous pollens…FrankenFoods (like modified corn), killing harmless insects (like the Monarch Butterfly).

    The term `unintended consequences' will be totally inadequate if they have created something which is able to integrate into- or alter the structures or functions of natural living organisms.

    More than fiction, Mary Shelley's Frankenstein is a cautionary tale of hubris and downfall.

    Just ask a Republican how they feel about the Tea-Bagger monsters they've created, only to realize they have no control over them.

  • MemphisBill

    They are privately funded.

  • billos

    The Evangelists will be dancing on the alter and swinging their rattlesnakes around in the air over this. Morons.

  • grindermonkey

    So does it have a soul? Can it register to vote like other Republicans? Does it have an accent like the cyborg guys? Can it ride a motorcycle?

  • DougI

    I thought scientists did this months ago, did they do it again?

  • enorceht

    gee … just what we need another life form that can be eventually disregarded as meaningless as people that occupy land (oil, gold, silver, diamonds, etc) that is coveted by the 1%

  • enorceht

    will it need papers in AZ ?

  • dredd

    This is a false claim. Washington D.C. has been full of synthetic life for quite a while now. They should match DNA to see if this is just a Wall Street derivative.

  • enorceht

    now if we can just train that life for to jump out of the frig and into the garbage i wouldn't have to figure out a way to get it out of my frig without touching it, you know you're in trouble when you can't even identify what the new life started out as ….

  • edwards_com

    I thought Laura Bush was their Beta Test..

  • noam4prez

    Just what we need: a world populated with “scientists”. Remember the discussion among the “scientists” at the end of “Dr. Strangelove”? We can bomb the entire word, and then live for years underground. Of course, every man will need multiple wives…

    Yeah, if only scientists ruled the world…

  • Savantster

    Yeah, because Dr. Strangelove was a true story..?

    Science has created the world you live in, without it you'd be in a cave cowering in the dark and risking your life for most of your meals. Instead, you're in a cozy construction using a computer to spew garbage to the entire planet with ample food in a portable arctic to eat at your leisure.

    Technology is inert. How man uses it determines if it's bad or good. Satan has a very lucid point, and you trivialize it by conflating it with a “story”.

  • Lyman

    The christers always said: “Only god can create life”.
    Now that they have been proved wrong once again.
    Of course they're not done. They will be true to form and try to
    legislate truth out of existence. Just watch.

  • grindermonkey

    Of course not both artificial living and thinking are the bedrock of AZ society.

  • tenorlord

    This is the only way “terraforming” will ever work. Get them to build a microbe to tame the atmosphere of Venus! If we can dissipate the acidic clouds, the temperature will drop.

  • http://www.memorybits.co.uk/ usb flash drive

    Hurry! Beware any pro-lifers! Something new: to protest the killing of artificial life!

    Naw, I'm sure will be his position that only his father in the sky, chemistry sets, consistent with their anti-science, anti-intellectual, mojo bag – should have fun with fondling medieval superstitions.

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