New research restores psychedelics’ medical respectability

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Tuesday, September 7, 2010 15:18 EST
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Recently published studies suggest that ‘magic mushrooms’ and ‘ecstasy’ may have medical value.

Before the enactment of the Controlled Substances Act in the late 60′s, psychiatrists had been eagerly investigating the use of psychedelic drugs as an aid to psychological therapy.

Unfortunately, as the government sought to eliminate the recreational use of these drugs, it consequentially eliminated nearly all research into their effects.

Although there was almost no research on psychedelic drugs from the early 70′s to late 90′s, within the last decade studies have reaffirmed that ‘magic mushrooms’ and ecstasy (MDMA) can be valuable tools for mental health professionals.

A study published in the Archives of General Psychiatry found psilocybin, the active substance in ‘magic mushrooms,’ can safely improve the moods of patients with advanced-stage cancer and anxiety.

The study was headed by Dr. Charles S. Grob, a professor of psychiatry at the Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center.

In Dr. Grob’s study, twelve volunteers, ages 36 to 58, with advanced-stage cancer and anxiety were given a moderate dose of psilocybin and, on a separate occasion, a placebo. The study employed a double-blind procedure, meaning neither the volunteers nor the researchers monitoring them knew whether they’d been given a placebo or psilocybin.

After receiving a dose of psilocybin or a placebo, volunteers were monitored for six hours. They were encouraged to lie in bed, wear eye shades and listen to soft music during the first few hours after ingesting the medication or the placebo. The volunteers were then interviewed after the six-hour session and over the next six months to assess the consequences of the treatment.

The study found a significant improvement of mood and a reduction in symptoms of anxiety up to six months after receiving psilocybin-assisted therapy.

“We are working with a patient population that often does not respond well to conventional treatments,” said Dr. Grob. “Following their treatments with psilocybin, the patients and their families reported benefit from the use of this hallucinogen in reducing their anxiety. This study shows psilocybin can be administered safely, and that further investigation of hallucinogens should be pursued to determine their potential benefits.”

Although some may be concerned that a relatively unstudied and illegal substance such as psilocybin may pose health risks, a study published in the peer-reviewed journal Psychopharmacology in 2004 found there is “no cause for concern that [psilocybin] is hazardous with respect to somatic health” in healthy adults.

The only physiological side-effects the study found was a brief increase in blood pressure and a small increase in levels of thyroid-stimulating-hormone (TSH), prolactin, cortisol, and adrenocorticotropic hormone. None of these side-effects were considered dangerous to healthy adults.

“Typically, the experiences after [medium and high doses of psilocybin] were rated positive, with retrospective statements ranging from ‘pleasurable’ to ‘ineffably beautiful,’ ” according to the study. One volunteer had a fearful experience after being given a high dose of psilocybin, but his anxiety was resolved without the need for pharmacological intervention.

Recently published research has also found Methylene-dioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA), better known as the club drug esctasy, to be a viable treatment for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).

The study was headed by Michael C. Mithoefer and published in the peer-reviewed Journal of Psychopharmacology.

For their study, Mithoefer and his colleagues recruited twenty people who suffered from chronic PTSD. The majority of the participants in this study were women and had been diagnosed with PTSD for an average of 19 years.

Of these twenty participants, twelve were randomly assigned to receive MDMA-assisted therapy while the remaining eight were assigned to receive the same psychotherapy, but with a placebo pill instead of ecstasy.

The psychotherapy consisted of two, eight hour sessions at an outpatient office.

The method of psychotherapy used followed principles similar to those developed by Dr. Humphry Osmond, Dr. Stansilav Grof, and others in the 50′s and 60′s for LSD psychotherapy.

There was a significant difference between the group of participants who received ecstasy-assisted therapy and those who received psychotherapy without ecstasy.
Volunteers treated with a combination of MDMA and psychotherapy saw clinically and statistically significant improvements in their PTSD – over 80% of the trial group no longer met the diagnostic criteria for PTSD, stipulated in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV (DSM-IV-TR) following the trial, compared to only 25% of the placebo group.

In addition, all three volunteers who reported being unable to work due to PTSD were able to return to work following treatment with MDMA.

Mithoefer and his colleagues believe that the use of ecstasy during psychotherapy may be effective because it allows the patient to emotionally engage traumatic memories without becoming overwhelmed by fear or anxiety.

“The goal of using MDMA is to temporarily reduce fear and increase trust without inhibiting emotions, especially painful emotions, allowing these patients a window where psychotherapy for their PTSD is effective.”

Due to the preliminary nature of the study, these findings are limited, but Mithoefer and his colleagues are enthusiastic that long-term research will show similarly positive results.

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  • http://pulse.yahoo.com/_KFOFZHLUNJCQATOHPSVHSFKP3I pw

    In my experiences doing mushroom, whether the trip was positive or negative(usually a mix of both), I always end up feeling solid like a rock(emotionally) the next following days. This as a result of being faced with my demons, and the experience ecstatic moments as well.

    It renews your ability for full sensation of life, and possibilities that remain veiled in day to day life.

  • http://historyindeed.com HIStory Indeed

    One thing I’ve noticed about the illegal VS legal drugs is any that can possibly expand your mind or better health are illegal, and the crap that kills and debilitates us we can have in great quantities.

    Anyone else see this?

  • http://twitter.com/shivabeach Shiva

    Used to buy pure psilocybin and Mescaline in cap form at the U of M in Lansing. Vastly superior to LSD. A solid way to face yourself without intervening processes.

  • http://pulse.yahoo.com/_KFOFZHLUNJCQATOHPSVHSFKP3I pw

    Absolutely. I believe it is an intentional conspiracy on the minds of men.

    They would rather numb us, than have us experience fantastic empowering things.

    Its eugenics and population sedation.

  • Anonymous

    I think your observation is also due, in part, to the fact that when you take illegal ‘X’ or ‘Y’ drugs, you realize that you’ve been lied to about ‘X’ & ‘Y’ which makes you question everything else you’ve been lied to about. Therefore the mind grows and becomes more independent, even when you are not on ‘X’ or ‘Y.’

  • Anonymous

    It seems to me that this demonstrates that what people gravitate to naturally, given complete freedom, will generally be what’s best for them. It’s in a twisted society that people are unable to cope. When society removes the honest drugs that might help and pushes the most harmful one that destroy life, then you find people supposedly abusing drugs – when the reality is that they’re simply trying to find their way.

  • http://twitter.com/Deprogrammer9 Depro9

    MDMA opens the mind like nothing I haver ever experienced. Give Glenn Beck & his followers XTC & watch them RELAX! ;)

  • http://twitter.com/Deprogrammer9 Depro9

    MDMA opens the mind like nothing I haver ever experienced. Give Glenn Beck & his followers XTC & watch them RELAX! ;)

  • David R Velasquez

    YESSSSSSSSSS!!!!

    …excuse me.

  • http://biscuits007.wordpress.com/ protobone

    Calling Owsley Stanley, Mr. Owsley Stanley…
    Sandoz Labs calling Owsley Stanley…
    Time to open up the lab Mr. Bear.
    Tune in, turn on, drop LSD-25!

  • CattyNineTails

    Thanks to ignorance and knee-jerk fear, we’ve wasted 50 years worth of progress in treating mental illness.

    Even Cary Grant knew a good thing when he dropped it:

    http://www.laweekly.com/1998-07-09/news/the-trip/

  • sonny666

    Over the years the scientific community has done everything imaginable with the psilocybin mushroom: it has been synthesized, measured, extracted, given to animals, gathered in the wild, home grown, puzzled over and at, chopped, sliced, diced and on and on… everything imaginable except just simply eat the shit and enjoy. We’re so very sorry, Dr. Leary, for hounding you, hunting you down like a dog and imprisoning you.

  • Anonymous

    mushrooms and the like have an ability to open our energy centers..>hearth and mind< thus you are open to the other spectrums of energy that exist. > we all know the eyes and ears only see and hear a very small sliver of the light and sound spectrum.these drugs can help you see and go a step beyond. .. remember the book “be here now” the guru drank the lsd and nothing changed for him because he was already aware of the light/sound that beyond our normal limit… this is one way to see the light even when it is dark…. mc

  • Anonymous

    has anyone seen my orange Sandoz barrels? damn dog ^&*@!

  • Anonymous

    LSD still caused harm to people. It’s still a drug compound that was extracted from the mushrooms. Notice no hallucinations reported.

  • David R Velasquez

    In the documentary What the Bleep Do We Know they talk about how daily routines and habits cause the impulses in the brain to get too stuck along specific pathways to its cognitive functions.
    Without a doubt hallucinogens break those patterns up.
    Any variance, breaking out of that routine creates a sense of alertness and euphoria… heightens the sense of analytical and intuitive.
    Well, …in my humble opinion anyways.

  • Anonymous

    Oh crap, now I need to score some ecstasy my anti-depressants don’t seem to work.

  • Anonymous

    LSD does not come from mushrooms. This is something completely different. And no, LSD has never directly caused harm to anyone. Unsafe conditions and irresponsible misuse and lack of control and preparation are the causes of any harm resulting from the use of psychedelic substances.

  • http://voxmagi-necessarywords.blogspot.com/ VoxMagi

    I couldn’t be happier about this. Any substance that shows promise in treating mental illnesses should be given neutral consideration purely on its merits…not sidelined because drug war cretins ‘fear the slippery slope’. Veterans with PTSD, victims of violence and more can benefit…and should. This isn’t Woodstock, and we don’t need a tent for anyone who took the brown acid anymore.

  • Tronlab

    Also try MDA , bk-mdma, 2-cb, methylone – doctors that is ;) depro9 is right!!

  • Anonymous

    I wish somebody other than the United States would take the initiative and study this. It’s the perfect opportunity to shift the cutting edge of science out of the US and thus free it from the clutches of imperial fascists. We can’t let science be controlled by the elite!

  • Anonymous

    LSD is lysergic acid, you dolt. It isn’t a psilocybin.

  • Anonymous

    Oh, and I am reporting some wicked hallucinations on the popcorn ceiling, mmmmkay?

  • Anonymous

    Both you of dolts need to improve your reading comprehension. I never said lsd came from mushrooms.

    The harvested psilocybin didn’t cause hallucinations or other side effects which are common from hallugenic mushrooms which do cause fatalies in people that ingest them because they have a reaction to the other substances in the mushroom or they ingest other species of mushrooms that look like the magic mushrooms or they have no clue what they look like.

    LSD has caused deaths and other damage very well documented deaths. Any psych ward in the country will tell you of the people that take LSD just once and wind up permently insane due to the chemical reaction. If you have a family history of mental problems it’s best to stay away from illegal drugs because they said drugs have been known to cause the mental problems to flare up.

  • Anonymous

    Best way to study the tories is by taking LSD and experiencing being a paranoid schizoid.

    They can not stand having a dark skin person in the White House. It drives them nuts. In reality, they are trying to hang on to their white cracker supremacy, which is going by the wayside. All the Mosque, Qaran, teabag, take-our-country-back is code words for hating the black guy.

  • Anonymous

    LSD has never directly harmed someone but there are LOTS of cases where mentally unbalanced people have had a “bad trip” freaked out and injured or killed themselves and/or others…

    http://www.times-standard.com/ci_15123814?source=most_viewed

    County Superior Court, deputies arrived at a Fizer Road residence in Requa during the early morning hours of March 21, after a man reported seeing Wyatt, a 26-year-old mixed martial arts cage fighter, in the living room with Powell’s apparently dead body.

    The man, Justin Davis, had been there earlier in the day and saw Wyatt acting strangely after drinking “some kind of mushroom tea,” according to the statement. Davis left for Crescent City, but returned later to pick up his dog. Davis arrived to find Wyatt standing in the living room naked and covered with blood, according to the statement. Wyatt told Davis, according to the statement, that he was going to cut out Powell’s heart. Davis went to a nearby pay phone to call law enforcement.

    A deputy arrived at the residence and reportedly saw Wyatt on the couch with Powell’s body, which was covered in blood and had most of its face removed. A large incision in the chest could be seen, and other unspecified body parts had been removed. An eyeball was resting in the middle of the room, according to the statement.

    Wyatt allegedly told the deputy that he’d cut Powell’s heart out and thrown it into the fire.

  • Anonymous

    First of all, this line: “LSD still caused harm to people. It’s still a drug compound that was extracted from the mushrooms” DOES say that LSD was extracted from the mushrooms. If you meant something else, no one can tell, and you should be more clear.

    Psilocybin DOES cause hallucinations on its own. If the subjects in this study reported no hallucinations, it was because it they were given a low dose. I would be interested in hearing what the actual doses used in this study were. Yes, toxic mushrooms will cause fatalities if you take too much, just like ANY toxic substance. This is IMPROPER USE. Eating something that LOOKS LIKE magic mushrooms and is actually just a poisonous mushroom and then dying doesn’t mean you died from magic mushrooms, it means you are an idiot and it is your own fault.

    As far as LSD goes, it is NONTOXIC and can NOT kill you just from its use. If you take LSD and jump out a window to your death, you died from JUMPING OUT A WINDOW, not LSD. This is an UNCONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT and counts as MISUSE. Proper conditions always include a sitter to prevent exactly this kind of dangerous possibility. Please provide sources and/or details of your mentioned LSD deaths.

    As for mental problems, yes, people with a family history of mental problems should probably not take LSD because it CAN cause them to have a psychotic episode to which they are ALREADY PREDISPOSED. But to say that LSD causes these people to go permanently insane or that any person who takes LSD has a significant risk of going permanently insane is irresponsible use of hyperbole and just plain wrong.

  • Anonymous

    First of all, this line: “LSD still caused harm to people. It’s still a drug compound that was extracted from the mushrooms” DOES say that LSD was extracted from the mushrooms. If you meant something else, no one can tell, and you should be more clear.

    Psilocybin DOES cause hallucinations on its own. If the subjects in this study reported no hallucinations, it was because it they were given a low dose. I would be interested in hearing what the actual doses used in this study were. Yes, toxic mushrooms will cause fatalities if you take too much, just like ANY toxic substance. This is IMPROPER USE. Eating something that LOOKS LIKE magic mushrooms and is actually just a poisonous mushroom and then dying doesn’t mean you died from magic mushrooms, it means you are an idiot and it is your own fault.

    As far as LSD goes, it is NONTOXIC and can NOT kill you just from its use. If you take LSD and jump out a window to your death, you died from JUMPING OUT A WINDOW, not LSD. This is an UNCONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT and counts as MISUSE. Proper conditions always include a sitter to prevent exactly this kind of dangerous possibility. Please provide sources and/or details of your mentioned LSD deaths.

    As for mental problems, yes, people with a family history of mental problems should probably not take LSD because it CAN cause them to have a psychotic episode to which they are ALREADY PREDISPOSED. But to say that LSD causes these people to go permanently insane or that any person who takes LSD has a significant risk of going permanently insane is irresponsible use of hyperbole and just plain wrong.

  • http://www.canadageneric.com/ Canadian Drugs Online

    All the psych ward in March said that people who take LSD once and stop permently crazy, because a chemical reaction.

  • ComradeRutherford

    Meanwhile Dr. Stanislav Grof has moved on from psychedelics (that is so 50 years ago!) and achieves great results with simple breathing techniques.

  • Anonymous

    Really? How long ago did you take it?

  • Dolmance

    No thanks. Kicking the bucket on mushrooms sounds about as peaceful as dropping Acid and going to a bullfight.

  • MissUnderestimate

    And I have all the charm of a bean fart.

  • Anonymous

    If you’re going to write something, write it in complete sentences, please!

  • Anonymous

    Actor Cary Grant (who went through LSD therapy) shares his thoughts on the subject:

    http://www.futurehi.net/archives/000693.html

  • Libertarians unite!

    You people are reading to deep into this, they are not making them addicts and prescribing it. These treatments are for when you are going through psychological therapy. I can say from experience that MDMA will cause you to open up and give the things that are bothering you up.

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31 2010 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