North Korea fires ballistic missile over Japan

Nuclear-armed North Korea fired a ballistic missile over Japan for the first time in five years on Tuesday, prompting a warning for residents to take cover and a temporary suspension of train operations in northern Japan.

The Japanese government warned citizens to take cover as the missile appeared to have flown over and past its territory before falling into the Pacific Ocean.

It was the first North Koreanmissile to follow such a trajectory since 2017, and Tokyo said its 4,600 km (2,850 miles) range may have been the longest distance travelled for a North Korean test flight, which are more often "lofted" higher into space to avoid flying over neighboring countries.

The latest launch was Pyongyang's fifth in 10 days, amid military muscle-flexing by the United States, South Korea, and Japan. Last week, the three countries conducted trilateral anti-submarine exercises that included a U.S. aircraft carrier, which stopped in South Korea for the first time since 2017.

Recent tests have drawn relatively muted responses from Washington, which is focused on the war in Ukraine as well as other domestic and foreign crises, but the U.S. military has stepped up displays of force in the region.

Tokyo said it took no steps to shoot the missile down. Defense Minister Yasukazu Hamada said Japan wouldn't rule out any options, including counterattack capabilities, as it looks to strengthen its defenses in the face of repeated missile launches from North Korea. South Korea also said it would boost its military and increase allied cooperation.

"North Korea's series of actions, including its repeated ballistic missile launches, threatens the peace and security of Japan, the region, and the international community, and poses a serious challenge to the entire international community, including Japan," Japan's top government spokesperson Hirokazu Matsuno told a news conference.

US calls North Korea launch 'unfortunate' and 'destabilizing'

The top US diplomat for East Asia described North Korea's firing of a ballistic missile over Japan on Tuesday as "unfortunate" and "destabilizing," but said a path to dialogue remained open, while pledging to defend South Korea and Japan with all America's power.

The missile fired on Thursday flew over Japan for the first time in five years, prompting a warning for residents to take cover and a temporary suspension of train operations in northern Japan.

Daniel Kritenbrink, the State Department's assistant secretary for East Asian and Pacific affairs, said that China needed to do more to fight sanctions evasion by North Korea in its coastal waters, and that Beijing and Russia should work to shut down Pyongyang's procurement networks.

"We urge (North Korea) to take the path of dialogue, commit to serious and sustained diplomacy, and refrain from further destabilizing activities," Kritenbrink said at an online event hosted by the Institute for Corean-American Studies shortly after the latest North Korean launch.

He said Washington remained open to dialogue with North Korea without preconditions.

'Real-world' test

Officials in Tokyo and Seoul said the missile flew between 4,500 to 4,600 kilometers (2,850 miles) to a maximum altitude of about 1,000 km.

South Korea's Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) said it appeared to have been an intermediate-range ballistic missile (IRBM) launched from North Korea's Jagang Province. North Korea has used that province to launch several recent tests, including multiple missiles that it claimed were "hypersonic."

The test prompted East Japan Railway Co 9020.T to suspend train operations in the northern regions, Japanese broadcaster NHK reported. Matsuno said there were no reports of damage to aircraft or ships from the missile.

The initial flight details suggest the missile may have been the Hwasong-12 IRBM, which North Korea unveiled in 2017 as part of its threatened plan to strike U.S. military bases in Guam, said Kim Dong-yup, a former South Korea Navy officer who now teaches at Kyungnam University.

The Hwasong-12 was used in 2017 tests that overflew Japan, and Kim noted it was also test fired from Jagang Province in January.

Flying a missile such a long distance allows North Korea's scientists to test missiles under more realistic conditions, said Ankit Panda of the US-based Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.

"Compared to the usual highly lofted trajectory, this allows them to expose a long-range reentry vehicle to thermal loads and atmospheric reentry stresses that are more representative of the conditions they'd endure in real-world use," he said.

"Politically, it's complicated: the missile largely flies outside of the atmosphere when it's over Japan, but it's obviously distressing to the Japanese public to receive warnings of a possible incoming North Korean missile."

North Korea's flurry of missile testing helps make more of its weapons operational, develop new capabilities and sends a message that development is its sovereign right, analysts said.

North Korea's missile and nuclear weapons programs are banned by United Nations Security Council resolutions, which have imposed sanctions on the country.

Political backlash

South Korean President Yoon Suk-yeol called the test "reckless" and said it would bring a decisive response from his country's military, its allies and the international community.

He has pushed for more military muscle to deter the North, and South Korea staged its own show of advanced weaponry on Saturday to mark its Armed Forces Day, including multiple rocket launchers, ballistic missiles, main battle tanks, drones and F-35 fighters.

Speaking to reporters in Tokyo, Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida called North Korea's actions "barbaric", and said the government would continue to gather and analyze information.

The launch over Japan was "unfortunate" and "not a productive path forward," Daniel Kritenbrink, the top U.S. diplomat for East Asia, said during an online event hosted by the Institute for Corean-American Studies.

The North has completed preparations for a nuclear test, which it might look to undertake sometime between China's Communist Party Congress this month and U.S. mid-term elections in November, South Korean lawmakers said last week.

(FRANCE 24 with Reuters)