The government reopened the case on Feb. 10, and Laube and Eason appeared before Judge Cormac J. Carney on March 3. Court documents indicate that Rundo and Boman were not present for the hearing. The two men’s lawyers have been unable to reach them since the Ninth Circuit’s reversal last spring, according to a recent government filing.
As recently as December 2021, the investigative collective Bellingcat has reported that Rundo is living in Serbia. Following an initial report that Rundo was located in Serbia in November 2020, he was reportedly expelled from the country. A Ukraine-based neo-Nazi and Russian citizen named Denis Kapustin who occasionally co-hosted a podcast with Rundo, commented that Rundo was “on the run again” in October 2021, according to Bellingcat. But by December, Rundo had apparently returned to Serbia, with a reporter from the outlet claiming to have seen him doing pushups on his balcony at his apartment in Belgrade.
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Founded in southern California in 2016, Rise Above Movement members quickly made an impression by showing up at pro-Trump gatherings from Huntington Beach to Berkeley while wearing skull masks and brutally assaulting antifascist counter-protesters, and later appearing at the Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville, Va. in August 2017. The following spring, Rundo and other members traveled to three countries in Europe, including Ukraine, where they met with a spokesperson of the far-right National Corps party, according to the FBI.
The FBI described Rise Above Movement when the charges were initially filed in 2018 as “a combat-ready, militant group of a new nationalist white supremacy/identity movement.” The affidavit supporting charges against the four men details repeatedly cycles of martial arts trainings, followed by coordinated travel to rallies where they carried out assaults, then followed by social media postings celebrating their violence, from March through August 2017.
During a March 2017 “Make America Great Again” rally at Bolsa Chica State Beach in Huntington Beach, rally attendees pushed and punched two journalists, according to charging documents. As one of the journalists stumbled backwards, according to the government RAM member Tyler Laube grabbed his shoulder and then punched him three times in the face. During the same rally, the government alleges, co-defendant Robert Boman caught up with one of the counter-protesters, who had been fleeing, and kicked him in the back. The FBI affidavit supporting charges also describes co-founder Robert Rundo running up behind a counter-protester, punching him in the back of the head, grabbing the back of his neck and throwing him to the ground.
“Rundo then held the counter-protester down with his left hand and threw several punches at the counter-protester’s head while other RAM members looked on, cheered, and prevented others from intervening,” the government said.
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The next month, the government alleges that co-defendant Aaron Eason rented a 12-15 passenger van to ferry RAM members from southern California to an April 15 right-wing rally in Berkeley.
During the rally, a galvanizing event for the white power movement that would come to be known as the “Battle of Berkeley,” RAM members broke through orange fencing set up to separate the opposing sides. In one of many assaults detailed in charging documents, the government alleges that Rundo began throwing punches at different people, including one person who was falling to the ground.
“According to Berkeley Police Department officers, a BPD officer saw Rundo punching the apparently defenseless person in the head, and ordered Rundo to stop, but Rundo did not respond,” the affidavit attached to the charging documents reads. “The BPD officer knocked Rundo to the ground to stop the ongoing assault, and Rundo punched the officer twice in the head before BPD officers subdued and arrested him.”
Four other RAM members, including co-founder Benjamin Daley, previously pleaded guilty to conspiracy to riot in a separate case brought against them for their role in not only the Huntington Beach and Berkeley rallies, but also the August 2017 Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville. Three of the defendants were sentenced in July 2019 and have already served out their sentences, according to information on the federal Bureau of Prisons website.
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Following Unite the Right, RAM members avoided public rallies, but continued to train in hand-to-hand combat and post videos celebrating their assaults on social media, according to the government.
In the spring of 2018, the government alleges, Rundo, Daley and fellow RAM member Michael Miselis traveled to Germany, Ukraine and Italy to celebrate Adolf Hitler’s birthday and network with European fascist groups, the government alleges.
The charging document cites a photo of RAM members meeting with Olena Semenyaka, a leader of the National Corps, a far-right political party in Ukraine aligned with Azov Battalion. Scott Bierwirth, an FBI special agent assigned to the FBI’s counter-terrorism squad, described Azov Battalion in the 2018 affidavit supporting criminal charges against Rundo and his co-defendants as “a paramilitary unit of the Ukrainian National Guard which is known for its association with neo-Nazi ideology and use of Nazi symbolism, and which is believed to have participated in training and radicalizing United States-based white supremacy organizations.”
In May 2018, Congress outlawed the use of US funds to provide arms, training or other assistance to Azov. Rep. Ro Khanna (D-Calif.) has been one of the most vocal proponents of cutting off funding to Azov in Congress. Around the time of the assistance ban, Khanna voiced opposition to providing “lethal weaponry” to Ukraine in 2018, while insisting that “we must also ensure that these weapons do not reach white supremacist elements within the Ukrainian Army, such as Azov Battalion.” In 2019, 40 members of Congress led by Rep. Max Rose (D-Calif.) unsuccessfully lobbied the State Department to designate Azov as a “foreign terrorist organization.”
Since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February, which has resulted in more than 1,000 civilian deaths and massive displacement, Azov’s role has become more politically touchy. Azov has played a crucial role in defending the besieged city of Mariupol, a strategically located port, and criticism of the battalion among Ukraine’s supporters can be viewed as playing into Russian President Vladimir Putin’s false claim that the purpose of the invasion is to “de-Nazify” Ukraine.
Despite falling into inactivity, Rise Above Movement continues to influence white power organizing in the United States. Ryan Sanchez, a white supremacist who was kicked out of the trucker’s convoy, publicly proclaimed his association with Rise Above Movement shortly before embarking on the convoy.
“I am proud to have known such men as Rob Rundo, Ben Daley, Tom and Michael,” Sanchez wrote on Telegram. “We must never forget our political prisoners of RAM, jailed for daring to stand against Antifa. I will never apologize for being in this picture, or knowing these men.”
Vincent James Foxx has been described by ProPublica as Rise Above Movement’s “unofficial propagandist.” While the relationship between Foxx and Rundo has recently been strained, Foxx was seen standing at the side of Groyper leader Nicholas Fuentes outside the US Capitol on Jan. 6, 2021, and recently spoke at Fuentes’ America First Political Action Conference, alongside Reps. Marjorie Taylor Greene (R-Ga.) and Rep. Paul Gosar (R-Ariz.).
The government, along with the attorneys for Eason and Laube, is proposing that the trial be scheduled to start on Dec. 13, according to a joint filing by the parties on March 17. The government has turned over about 44,000 pages of discovery to the defendants, according to the filing, and the parties anticipate that the trial will take four weeks.
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