The Democrats' hopes of making major gains in the Republican-controlled U.S. House of Representatives and Senate had been dampened in the closing days of the election campaign even if their nominee, Hillary Clinton, wins the White House.
Only two weeks ago, Democrats hoped to sharply scale back the 246-seat Republican majority in the House and capture control of the Senate. But they fretted that the FBI may have taken the wind from their sails by reigniting the controversy about Clinton's email practices while she was secretary of state, congressional aides and analysts said.
Americans are voting to choose either Clinton, also a former U.S. Senator, or Republican Donald Trump, a businessman who has never previously run for political office, and to fill 34 of the 100 Senate seats and all 435 House seats.
Senate results may not be available for some time because of the number of close races, analysts said.
Polling website RealClearPolitics.com on Tuesday showed Democrats likely to capture one Senate seat now held by Republicans and listed eight other Republican seats as toss-ups. House races showed no clear trend.
But projections from the New York Times and the forecasting website FiveThirtyEight.com showed Democrats with a just over 50 percent likelihood of having control of the Senate when it convenes again on Jan. 3 to tackle weighty issues from a U.S. Supreme Court vacancy to immigration and free trade deals.
An analysis of Senate races by political scientist Larry Sabato's "Crystal Ball" project at the University of Virginia projected the election would end with Democrats and Republicans each holding 50 seats.
Continued Republican dominance in Congress could stymie any legislative agenda put forth by Clinton. A Trump victory, along with a Republican Congress, could mean a swift end for Democratic President Barack Obama's health reforms.
A senior Democratic aide said the emails controversy, which erupted again after Federal Bureau of Investigation Director James Comey said on Oct. 28 his agency would examine newly discovered emails, could reduce by at least 10 the number of House seats Democrats may capture from Republicans.
Comey told Congress on Sunday that after the latest review, he was standing by his July decision that no criminal charges were warranted against Clinton.
But coming only two days before the election, Comey's latest announcement may have been too late for Democrats hoping to regain control of the House for the first time since 2010 and the Senate for the first time since 2014.
"It's terribly damaging to us," the Democratic aide said, adding Democrats could end up gaining only 12 to 16 House seats, instead of the 30 needed to win control of the chamber.
To win control of the Senate, Democrats would have to score a net gain of five seats. Republicans hold 54 Senate seats to 44 Democratic seats and two independents who align themselves with Democrats.
For months, political analysts were projecting Democrats would pick up anywhere from four to seven Senate seats.
On Tuesday, a Senate Democratic aide said the party was most optimistic about its chances of picking up Republican-held seats in Illinois, Wisconsin, New Hampshire and Pennsylvania while retaining the Nevada seat held by Senate Democratic leader Harry Reid.
One Senate contest features Missouri Secretary of State Jason Kander, who is giving Republican Senator Roy Blunt a stiff challenge. Another is former environmental official Katie McGinty's bid to unseat Republican Senator Pat Toomey in Pennsylvania.
(Reporting by Richard Cowan, Susan Cornwall and David Morgan; Editing by Linda Stern and Grant McCool)
